To inform about the legal, business, privacy, cyber security, and public policy issues that confront those who utilize digital platforms.
Saturday, May 15, 2010
FINRA's Social Media Regulations
The lines between business and personal activities in social media are becoming more blurred every day. In 1999, NASD (FINRA's predecssor) stated that if a registered representative participates in an Internet chat room he is subject to the same requirements as if he was making a personal presentation to a group of investors. This statement was codified in 2003 by NASD's Rule 2210 when NASD included in the definition of "public appearance" the "interactive electronic forum" or as most users call it a "chat room".
In January 2010, FINRA's Social Networking Task Force created a Regulatory Notice to provide securities firms guidance on business related social media usage. Even though the Regulatory Notice does not provide guidelines on securities employees' personal social media use, it is highly advisable for most firms to create a social media policy for employees' personal use. Creating a social media policy for non-business activities may be considered very intrusive. However, social media is the most intrusive and interactive technology currently in widespread use so it is imperative that employees understand that sensitive work matters should not be discussed on both business and personal social media accounts. No two firms have the same corporate culture so adopting the business or personal social media policy of another firm without consulting your legal, IT, human resources department, and a social media professional is a recipe for disaster.
To learn more about creating a business and/or a personal social media policy for your firm you may contact me at www.shearlaw.com.
Copyright 2010 by the Law Office of Bradley S. Shear, LLC. All rights reserved.
Thursday, May 13, 2010
The White House and Social Media Follow Up
It appears that traditional media outlets are starting to now agree with my observation that the White House is trying to bypass the traditional media in favor of social media. The White House is changing its social media strategy because this modification enables the administration to bypass the traditional media's filter which may determine how people analyze the President's policies. The President's staff appears to be duplicating its successful campaign strategy. Traditional print media is on the verge of extinction. Traditional radio and television media is in transition. Unless these traditional media outlets adapt to the social media age they will go the way of the dodo bird.
To learn more about about social media you may contact me at www.shearlaw.com.
Copyright 2010 by the Law Office of Bradley S. Shear, LLC. All rights reserved.
Tuesday, May 4, 2010
Will the White House's Use of Social Media Eventually Diminish Access to the President?
The White House has about 1.75 million followers and follows just 99 other accounts. However, if you look closely at who the White House follows you will see that it mainly follows other U.S. government entities. It also follows 10 Downing Street, aka the British Prime Minister's office. Why doesn't the White House follow more governments, both friend and alleged foe? Is the White House intentionally keeping the number of accounts it follows in double digits?
The White House also has an official blog. Will the official White House Blog soon replace press releases since a blog is a de facto press release mechanism. I am wondering if the President's weekly radio address and daily press briefings will soon be replaced by the pre-recorded podcast. From the White House's own website you can watch official presidential events via audio or video podcast.
In the future, a majority of the population may rely solely on social media as their news gathering resource. During a major political crisis will the White House turn mainly to social media to get its message out and stop the daily press briefing? Will the current or a future President decide to stop the traditional daily briefings and instruct the White House Press Secretary to utilize daily interactive webinars? Will the White House limit the media's access for political purposes? The First Amendment and freedom of the press issues that are intertwined with social media and politics are mind boggling. To learn more about these issues you may contact me at www.shearlaw.com.
Copyright 2010 by the Law Office of Bradley S. Shear, LLC. All rights reserved.
Saturday, May 1, 2010
Goldman Sachs, the Shitty Deal, and Social Media Public Relations
In an article from the New York Times a couple years ago, the firm was nicknamed "Government Sachs" because so many of its employees end up working for the U.S. government. Some prominent Goldman alumni include: former Treasury Secretaries Henry Fowler, Robert Rubin, Hank Paulson, and current World Bank President Robert Zoellick, and former U.S. Senator Jon Corzine.
In general, Goldman Sachs senior executives shy away from publicity while working for the firm. This strategy has helped create a mystic about the company. Social media has forever changed the public relations game. Goldman Sachs' reputation was tarnished this past week in a manner that would not have been possible before the age of social media.
It is very rare for members of Congress to use foul language in any context during televised proceedings. However, Senator Carl Levin chastised Goldman Sachs because an employee of the firm had stated in an internal email that a collateralized debt obligation called Timberwolf I that Goldman was selling was a "shitty deal." Senator Levin persistently asked about and berated Goldman Sachs about the "shitty deal" numerous times throughout the hearings.
Goldman Sachs EVP and Chief Financial Officer David Vinair's testimony will forever live on in social media due to the interesting exchange that occurred between himself and Senator Levin. When Senator Levin grilled Vinair about the "shitty deal" internal Goldman Sachs email Vinair stated, "I think that is very unfortunate to have [that comment] on email." It sounded as though the entire audience was stunned by that statement and then a delayed laughter was heard in the background. Vinair later corrected himself but the damage had already been done.
As Gretchen Morgenson of the New York Times has pointed out and last week's hearings clearly demonstrated there are so many conflicts of interest on Wall Street. These conflicts have been around for years. Lawyers are not allowed to have these types of conflicts so why are the "Masters of the Universe" allowed to have these types of conflicts?
These hearings come on the heels of last week's SEC fraud complaint against Goldman Sachs and one of its employees. In addition, President Obama and Congress are also currently battling over a financial regulatory overhaul. The Goldman Sachs testimony that I watched reminded me of the movie Wall Street and Gordon Gekko's "Greed is Good" speech because some of the Goldman Sachs employees who testified sounded as though they were about to utter Gekko's line that "greed for a lack of a better word is good. Greed is right. Greed works."
Goldman Sachs has weathered numerous scandals and controversies during its 140+ years in existence. Each time the firm has rebounded and come back stronger than ever. The company may be one of only a few brands that may be immune to the social media age. Even though the brand may not suffer in the long run, there will be employees who are scapegoated to protect the firm's image. Therefore, in the social media age, lawyers need to be well versed in not only the legal matters before them but how their clients may be perceived on social media. To learn more about this issues you may contact me at www.shearlaw.com.
Copyright 2010 by the Law Office of Bradley S. Shear, LLC. All rights reserved.
Thursday, April 29, 2010
The Social Media Privacy Protection Act
On April 27, 2010, 4 U.S. Senators: Charles E. Schumer (D-NY), Michael Bennet (D-CO), Mark Begich (D-AK), and Al Franken (D-MN) publicly released a letter that they had sent to Facebook's CEO Mark Zukerberg regarding their concerns about Facebook's recent user changes. The letter urged Facebook to allow its users to have more personal control over the site's privacy settings, to change its third party data storage policy, and to simplify the instant personalization options.
I recommend that my clients set their Facebook privacy settings so that only their Facebook Friends are able to view their personal information. It is best to limit the amount of information you post and share because if your account is ever compromised by a hacker the information can easily be used to steal your identity. If you thought that the Internet Age was scary after watching Sandra Bullock's 1995 movie "The Net" the Social Media Age should terrify you.
The recent MIT Project Gaydar study proved that just by inserting data from a person's social media profile it is possible to determine a person's sexuality. I was surprised that so many people appeared shocked by this finding. If a researcher or marketer knows a Facebook user's personal habits and hobbies, friendships, employer/job, socio-economic status, marital/family status they have the ability to make a lot of predictions about a person. Profiling or forecasting is used by law enforcement, wall street, and meteorologists. The more data points you have the more accurate the model or prediction.
In the "old days," your mail carrier knew more about your business than even your neighbors. Then it was the credit card companies and credit bureaus who knew everything financially about you. However, nobody or entity, including the U.S. Government has the treasure trove of data that Facebook accumulates about its users. Most of these other entities spend a tremendous amount of time and resources collecting your data. What is amazing is that Facebook is able to obtain its data for free directly from its users. Not a bad concept, eh?
It appears that Facebook does not yet understand that its recent actions have angered enough people to prompt Congress to become extremely interested in the manner in which it utilizes and protects its users' personal information. Facebook's failure to acknowledge this is evident by the response that Facebook's spokesman Andrew Noyes and vice president of global communications and public policy Elliot Schrage have so far provided.
Social media users must be careful about what personal information they post on social media. In addition, social media users must be proactive in protecting their social media personal profile and companies must be aware of the legal liabilities that they may incur for mishandling their customer's personal information. To learn more about these issues you may contact me at www.shearlaw.com.
Copyright 2010 by the Law Office of Bradley S. Shear, LLC. All rights reserved.
Thursday, April 22, 2010
Oprah's and Dove Soap's Internet Monetization and Branding Strategy
My two year old son is very musically inclined and enjoys watching and singing and dancing to various music videos that we watch together on Youtube. A couple of weeks ago, my wife started watching with our son a clip from a recent Oprah show that included the cast from Glee singing Journey's "Don't Stop Believin". For about a week they went to Youtube to watch the clip.
All of sudden the clip they were watching disappeared and a message appeared stating that the clip was removed due to copyright infringement. My wife then went to Oprah.com and found the clip. However, on Oprah.com, there was a 30 second Dove commercial that had to be watched before the cast of Glee's rendition of Don't Stop Believin was played. The web page that contained the Glee clip was fully branded by Dove. In addition, Dove was a sponsor of the actual episode that aired the performance on The Oprah Winfrey Show and is a sponsor on Fox.com's Glee home page.
Even though it appears that Oprah and Dove fully branded the entire user experience they both missed out on creating a Social Media 360 Deal. This was an internet brand campaign and not a social media brand campaign. To learn how to fully monetize your social media assets you may contact me at www.shearlaw.com
Copyright 2010 by the Law Office of Bradley S. Shear, LLC. All rights reserved.
Friday, April 16, 2010
Protecting Your Social Media Profile
Even though President Obama successfully utilized social media to become President of the United States, he is not the first social media President. The first social media President will be the first elected President who has years of tweets, Facebook posts, blog entries, podcasts, etc... that will need to be reviewed by campaign managers, public relation firms, lawyers, political strategists, etc...The legal and political ramifications are mind boggling.
As of this writing, the confirmation process of Professor Goodwin Liu, a nominee to the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit is in motion and questions have been raised as to why Prof. Liu did not turn over all of the documents that the Senate Judiciary Committee initially requested. As far as I know, Professor Liu does not have years of tweets, Facebook posts, blog entries, podcasts, etc...to review. However, what if he does? How would this affect his nomination?
Earlier this week, the Library of Congress announced that all public tweets will be saved for posterity. First, Google decided to archive all tweets. Now the Library of Congress will be saving all your tweets for posterity. Therefore, it is more important than ever to protect your social media profile. To learn more about these issues you may contact me at www.shearlaw.com.
Copyright 2010 by the Law Office of Bradley S. Shear, LLC. All rights reserved.
Tuesday, April 6, 2010
Entertainment Social Media Branding Contracts
Recently, a New York Times article discussed how some entertainment contracts include specific branding clauses and that some talent feel pressured to include certain brands in their work to attract sponsors. Television product placement is not new. During most live television programs the announcers usually state throughout the program that the show or event is sponsored by xyz company. One of the most famous movie product placements was Reese's Pieces in the movie E.T. in 1982. When I watched the movie as a child I had no idea that this was a product placement. However, as an adult I would expect that most adults who watch the movie know or should know that including Reese's Pieces prominently in the movie was a big advertising coup for Hershey.
Under the recently revised FTC Guides Concerning the Use of Endorsements and Testimonials in Advertising "material connections" between advertisers and endorsers must be disclosed. However, I am wondering when is this threshold actually met? For example, if an artist includes a brand in his work in the hopes that the brand will end up sponsoring his work, and then the brand eventually sponsors the artist's work does this connection need to be disclosed since the original work was not created with a "material connection" between the artist and the brand? If an artist posts his original work on Youtube or another social media website before there is a "material connection" but later a corporate sponsor is attracted to the project does the artist now need to disclose this sponsorship?
These are some of the many legal issues that the social media age has created. Constantly changing technology will only make these issues more difficult to analyze. To learn more about these issues you may contact me at http://www.shearlaw.com/.
Copyright 2010 by the Law Office of Bradley S. Shear, LLC. All rights reserved.
Wednesday, March 31, 2010
A Catch-22 in the Social Media Age
Earlier this week a prominent client of mine asked me what I can do to stop a local blogger from constantly writing about my client’s personal activities and linking to my client’s company’s website. I explained the available options and discussed with him why it may be best to ignore the blogger. I mentioned the Jones Day v. Blockshopper.com case that was settled last year where a large law firm, Jones Day, filed suit against an internet company that listed the real estate purchases of some of the law firm’s employees and then linked to the employee’s law firm biographies. This case was settled out of court and the bottom line is that Blockshopper.com is still able to link public land records to the web biographies of Jones Day employees.
I told my client something I’m sure many are taught in elementary school, to ignore the bully, and eventually, the bully will go away. My client was told not to do what Jerry Seinfeld did to Kathy Griffin’s character Sally Weaver in the January 1998 Seinfeld episode “The Cartoon.” In the social media age, if a cease and desist letter is sent to a blogger, assuming the blogger can be identified, it will just provide the blogger more ammunition and will most likely increase traffic to the blog. Most of my clients are Type-A personalities and it goes against their make-up to ignore this type of situation. In general, the 1st Amendment protects most forms of speech. Therefore, in many of these situations it is be best not to legitimize the offending blog’s comments by providing a response. To learn more about these issues you may contact me at www.shearlaw.com.
Copyright 2010 by the Law Office of Bradley S. Shear, LLC. All rights reserved.
Wednesday, March 17, 2010
Social Media and The Right To Publicity
The Right To Publicity enables a person to profit off of his or her name or likeness. This right varies from state to state and may be extremely valuable for entertainers and professional athletes who have a marketable name or likeness. This right was first recognized by the U.S. Courts in 1953 in Halean v. Topps 202 F.2d 866. Here, a baseball card company sued a competitor alleging that it owned an exclusive right to photograph and to publicize ballplayers they had under contract and that a competitor did not have the right to utilize a player's likeness in their trading card set while the player was still under contract with the plaintiff.
The Halean Court stated, "that, in addition to and independent of that right of privacy, a man has a right in the publicity value of his photograph, i. e., the right to grant the exclusive privilege of publishing his picture, and that such a grant may validly be made 'in gross,' i. e., without an accompanying transfer of a business or of anything else. Whether it be labelled a 'property' right is immaterial; for here, as often elsewhere, the tag 'property' simply symbolizes the fact that courts enforce a claim which has pecuniary worth. This right might be called a 'right of publicity.' For it is common knowledge that many prominent persons (especially actors and ball-players), far from having their feelings bruised through public exposure of their likenesses, would feel sorely deprived if they no longer received money for authorizing advertisements, popularizing their countenances, displayed in newspapers, magazines, busses, trains and subways. This right of publicity would usually yield them no money unless it could be made the subject of an exclusive grant which barred any other advertiser from using their pictures."
Entertainers, professional athletes, and celebutantes (those famous for being famous) have a love-hate relationship with the paparazzi. The paparazzi serve a much needed role because they help these people stay in the public's eye. According to the L.A. Times, some celebrities may have formal or informal relationships with members of the paparazzi which feed the publicity machine that is so important to an entertainer's career. Celebrities sell the rights to their images for staggering sums. For example, according to the Today Show, Brad Pitt and Angelina Jolie sold photos of their newborn twins to People and Hello magazines for $14 million dollars. Pitt and Jolie had previously sold images of their daughter
The bottom line is that social media may create new revenue opportunities that if properly utilized has the potential to become major income streams. Unfortunately, for most entertainers and professional athletes the window of opportunity to capitalize on these assets is short and unpredictable. Therefore, social media action plans must be created and implemented during the early stages of a celebrity's or athlete's career. To learn more about these issues you may contact me at www.shearlaw.com.
Copyright 2010 by the Law Office of Bradley S. Shear, LLC. All rights reserved.
Monday, March 15, 2010
Entertainment and Sports Social Media 360 Deals
Michael Jackson's estate recently signed an agreement that appears to be what I call an "Entertainment Estate 360 Deal." The full details of the contract have not been disclosed as of this writing, but, it sounds as though this agreement may break new ground in the manner in which entertainment contracts slice and dice intellectual property rights. According to the New York Times, the agreement "allows Sony and the estate [of Michael Jackson] to collaborate on a wide range of lucrative licensing arrangements, like the use of Jackson music for films, television and stage shows and lines of memorabilia that will be limited only by the imagination of the estate and the demand of a hungry worldwide market." This groundbreaking agreement appears to fully monetize Michael Jackson's estate in a manner that will benefit the estate's heirs. Unfortunately, Michael Jackson may have been worth more dead than alive.
Generally, in the world of U.S. professional sports 360 deals do not exist. NFL players have an incentive to quickly monetize their social media assets because on average their playing careers last approximately 3.4 years. In order to properly leverage an athlete's social media potential, a player needs to be both talented on the field and have a unique and engaging personality. Chad Ochocinco has this rare combination and this has enabled his twitter account to attract sponsors due to his ability to acquire almost 800,000 followers.
As an attorney who practices entertainment, sports, and social media law, I am always looking for creative methods to increase my client's revenue streams. In my February 5, 2010 post, I discussed "Social Media Engagement Product Placement Contracts." To elaborate further on this topic, I want to discuss what I call "Social Media 360 Deals." In a "Social Media 360 Deal," a celebrity or professional athlete's social media assets are utilized to create synergy for both the client and the sponsor(s). Due to the constantly changing technology of social media, an attorney must be well versed in not only contract law and intellectual property, but must also fully understand the technology and capabilities of the social media platforms involved. To learn more about these issues you may contact me at www.shearlaw.com.
Copyright 2010 by the Law Office of Bradley S. Shear, LLC. All rights reserved.
Sunday, February 28, 2010
Litigation Facebook Friending
"someone whom is added to your network on a social media website. A "Facebook Friend" may or may not be someone with whom you have ever met or interacted with other than requesting that he or she be added to your network or that you confirmed that he or she be added to your network."
Neither Black's Law Dictionary nor Merriam-Webster's Online Dictionary has a definition for Litigation Facebook Friending. Therefore, I would like to create a legal definition for this activity. Litigation Facebook Friending occurs when a plaintiff or a defendant in litigation "encourages" a non-party to "Facebook Friend" one of the other litigants or a member(s) of the jury so an opposing litigant(s) can obtain inside information on another litigant(s) or a member of the jury.
If you know what your opposing litigant(s) and/or members of the jury are doing or thinking and they don't know that you have access to their Facebook or other social media website posts this can be a huge advantage. Does anyone remember John Grisham's novel and subsequent movie Runaway Jury?
In March 2009, the Philadelphia Bar Association Professional Guidance Committee provided an advisory opinion that stated that Facebook Friending opposing litigants may be considered misconduct. The opinion was not binding upon the Disciplinary Board of the Supreme Court of Pennsylvania or any other Court. I believe there will be many contradictory opinions across the country on this matter and that the American Bar Association will ultimately need to resolve this issue. To learn more about these issues you may contact me at www.shearlaw.com.
Copyright 2010 by the Law Office of Bradley S. Shear, LLC. All rights reserved.
Tuesday, February 23, 2010
How Do You Solve A Problem Like Maria (Juror Facebooking)?
I was invited to speak at the University of Baltimore's Lunch Time Law Series on February 22, 2010 to discuss entertainment and social media law. The Lunch Time Law Series is a great program that invites members of the legal community to discuss current trends in the law.
During the program, the State v. Dixon case was brought up. I previously blogged about this case on December 30,2009, and on January 15, 2010. In this case, five jurors communicated with each other outside of the courtroom via Facebook. The defense team found out about this after a verdict had been entered but before sentencing. Whether this activity constituted juror misconduct enough to warrant
In my opinion, the temptation to access the Internet and social media sites is too great. Over the past several years, more and more people are ditching their landlines for smartphones, which allow quick and easy access to the Internet. Therefore, the courts have to put rules in place to safeguard the integrity of the jury system.
There are several different ways to do this. The first is to sequester all jurors, which frankly is impractical for many reasons, including, cost, and inconvenience.
The second possible solution would be to require prospective jurors to list all of their social media accounts on the juror questionnaire, including for example, Twitter name and password, and Facebook userid and password. This would enable court staff and the legal parties to not only screen for juror bias, but also to ensure that the impaneled jurors are not discussing the case in violation of court admonishments. In my opinion, this would intrude on a prospective juror’s right to privacy. The U.S. Constitution does not expressly protect one’s right to privacy. However, I believe it is inherent and forcing people to turn over this information may make people more inclined than they already are to try to avoid jury duty.
A third option, and the one that I believe is most viable is to require jurors sign a form stating that they agree not to discuss their case in any medium, including social media while they are impaneled. The form would include possible legal penalties if they disobey the directive.
On September 10, 2009, I blogged about how the San Francisco Court System is handling this issue.The U.S. Federal Courts recently weighed in on this problem and their response was to put forth a new model set of jury instructions: http://www.uscourts.gov/newsroom/2010/DIR10-018.pdf
Suggested jury instructions and admonishments for disobeying the rules are not enough. Real consequences are needed to take away the temptation to surf, post, blog, podcast, etc...There are no easy answers to "solving a problem like Maria (Juror Facebook)." However, a 21st century solution that addresses these issues and anticipates future challenges is needed. To learn more about these issues you may contact me at www.shearlaw.com
Copyright 2010 by the Law Office of Bradley S. Shear, LLC. All rights reserved.Friday, February 5, 2010
Social Media Engagement Product Placement Contracts
There are only a handful of professional athletes who are able to obtain major endorsement deals. The traditional form of endorsement deals where an athlete such as Tiger Woods is seen utilizing or standing next to a product is going to significantly change in the near future. Since the Tiger Woods scandal, companies are now going to be extremely careful about putting all of their eggs in one basket no matter how successful an athlete is in their chosen profession. In the Social Media Age an athlete's image can drastically change with one posted youtube video. Since the corporate world is generally risk averse, many companies will soon realize that a new endorsement paradigm will need to be created.
Traditional print, television, and radio advertising is dying a slow death. Internet banner ads and the pay per click model is also in transition. The wave of the future is what I would like to call "Engagement Product Placement." Engagement Product Placement occurs when a paid endorser such as a professional athlete is hired to engage in a conversation with his or her Facebook Fans, Twitter Followers, or other social media connections about a product or service. Chad Ochocinco, a wide receiver for the Cincinnati Bengals, has more than 186,000 Facebook Fans and almost 750,000 Twitter Followers. Given Chad Ochocinco's popularity just imagine the opportunities available.
The companies who hire paid endorsers and the attorneys for paid endorsers must be fully versed in the Federal Trade Commission's new guidelines before negotiating Engagement Product Placement Contracts. Paid endorsers need to hire attorneys who understand the technology and full power of social media to account for the permutations that exist in this type of contract.
In the Social Media Age attorneys need to find creative ways to address all of the business and legal issues that accompany social media usage. To learn more about these issues you may contact me at www.shearlaw.com
Copyright 2010 by the Law Office of Bradley S. Shear, LLC. All rights reserved.